3,423 research outputs found
MiniMax Entropy Network: Learning Category-Invariant Features for Domain Adaptation
How to effectively learn from unlabeled data from the target domain is
crucial for domain adaptation, as it helps reduce the large performance gap due
to domain shift or distribution change. In this paper, we propose an
easy-to-implement method dubbed MiniMax Entropy Networks (MMEN) based on
adversarial learning. Unlike most existing approaches which employ a generator
to deal with domain difference, MMEN focuses on learning the categorical
information from unlabeled target samples with the help of labeled source
samples. Specifically, we set an unfair multi-class classifier named
categorical discriminator, which classifies source samples accurately but be
confused about the categories of target samples. The generator learns a common
subspace that aligns the unlabeled samples based on the target pseudo-labels.
For MMEN, we also provide theoretical explanations to show that the learning of
feature alignment reduces domain mismatch at the category level. Experimental
results on various benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our
method over existing state-of-the-art baselines.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figure
Thermophysical Properties of Undercooled Alloys: An Overview of the Molecular Simulation Approaches
We review the studies on the thermophysical properties of undercooled metals and alloys by molecular simulations in recent years. The simulation methods of melting temperature, enthalpy, specific heat, surface tension, diffusion coefficient and viscosity are introduced and the simulated results are summarized. By comparing the experimental results and various theoretical models, the temperature and the composition dependences of the thermophysical properties in undercooled regime are discussed
Spin-flip reflection at the normal metal-spin superconductor interface
We study spin transport through a normal metal-spin superconductor junction.
A spin-flip reflection is demonstrated at the interface, where a spin-up
electron incident from the normal metal can be reflected as a spin-down
electron and the spin will be injected into the spin
superconductor. When the (spin) voltage is smaller than the gap of the spin
superconductor, the spin-flip reflection determines the transport properties of
the junction. We consider both graphene-based (linear-dispersion-relation) and
quadratic-dispersion-relation normal metal-spin superconductor junctions in
detail. For the two-dimensional graphene-based junction, the spin-flip
reflected electron can be along the specular direction (retro-direction) when
the incident and reflected electron locates in the same band (different bands).
A perfect spin-flip reflection can occur when the incident electron is normal
to the interface, and the reflection coefficient is slightly suppressed for the
oblique incident case. As a comparison, for the one-dimensional
quadratic-dispersion-relation junction, the spin-flip reflection coefficient
can reach 1 at certain incident energies. In addition, both the charge current
and the spin current under a charge (spin) voltage are studied. The spin
conductance is proportional to the spin-flip reflection coefficient when the
spin voltage is less than the gap of the spin superconductor. These results
will help us get a better understanding of spin transport through the normal
metal-spin superconductor junction.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figure
Ginzburg-Landau-type theory of non-polarized spin superconductivity
Since the concept of spin superconductor was proposed, all the related
studies concentrate on spin-polarized case. Here, we generalize the study to
spin-non-polarized case. The free energy of non-polarized spin superconductor
is obtained, and the Ginzburg-Landau-type equations are derived by using the
variational method. These Ginzburg-Landau-type equations can be reduced to the
spin-polarized case when the spin direction is fixed. Moreover, the expressions
of super linear and angular spin currents inside the superconductor are
derived. We demonstrate that the electric field induced by super spin current
is equal to the one induced by equivalent charge obtained from the second
Ginzburg-Landau-type equation, which shows self-consistency of our theory. By
applying these Ginzburg-Landau-type equations, the effect of electric field on
the superconductor is also studied. These results will help us get a better
understanding of the spin superconductor and the related topics such as
Bose-Einstein condensate of magnons and spin superfluidity.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure
Rosmarinic Acid Prevents Cisplatin-Induced Liver and Kidney Injury by Inhibiting Inflammatory Responses and Enhancing Total Antioxidant Capacity, Thereby Activating the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway
Drug-induced liver and kidney damage is an emergent clinical issue that should be addressed. Rosmarinic acid (RA) has obvious anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, so we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of RA pretreatment on serum and liver and kidney tissues of cisplatin (CP)-treated mice and explored the possible mechanisms. The results showed that RA pretreatment effectively downregulated the serum, liver, and kidney levels of ALT, AST, BUN, and CRE and the inflammatory factors IL-1Ī², IL-6, and TNF-Ī±, and simultaneously enhanced the total antioxidant capacity of the liver and kidney. RA pretreatment significantly reduced the levels of MPO, MDA, and NO in liver and kidney tissue, inhibited the mRNA expression of IL-1Ī², IL-6, and TNF-Ī± in liver and kidney tissue, activated the Nrf2 signaling pathway, and upregulated the mRNA expression of downstream target genes. Our findings show that RA could effectively prevent and alleviate acute liver and kidney injury caused by CP
Sphingobium estronivorans sp. nov. and Sphingobium bisphenolivorans sp. nov., isolated from a wastewater treatment plant
Two Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile and rod-shaped bacteria, one designated as strain AXB(T), capable of degrading estrogens, and another, YL23(T), capable of degrading estrogen and bisphenol A, were isolated from activated sludge in Xiamen City, PR China. The optimum temperature and pH of both strains were 25-35 degrees C and pH 7.0-8.0. While strain AXB(T) could tolerate 3% (w/v) NaCl, YL23(T) could only grow between 0-1 % (w/v) NaCl. They contained ubiquinone-10 as the major quinone, spermidine as the major polyamine, summed feature 8 (comprising C-18:1 omega 6c and/or C-18:1 omega 7c) as the major fatty acids and diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and sphingoglycolipid as the major polar lipids. The DNA G+C contents of strains AXB(T) and YL23(T) were 63.6 and 63.7 mol%, respectively. Based on the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strains AXB(T) and YL23(T) belonged to the genus Sphingobium. Strain AXB(T) was most closely related to Sphingobium chlorophenolicum NBRC 16172(T) (97.5%) and Sphingobium chungbukense DJ77(T) (97.2%), and strain YL23(T) was most closely related to S. chlorophenolicum NBRC 16172(T) (97.4%) and S. quisquiliarum P25(T) (97.1%). Average nucleotide identity values between these two strains and S. chlorophenolicum NBRC 16172(T), S. chungbukense DJ77(T), Sphingobium chinhatense IP26(T), Sphingobium quisquiliarum P25(T) and Sphingobium japonicum UT26S(T) were from 80.7 to 85.8%. In conclusion, strains AXB(T) and YL23(T) represent novel species of the genus Sphingobium, for which the names Sphingobium estronivorans sp. nov. and Sphingobium bisphenolivorans sp. nov. are proposed, respectively. The type strains of S. estronivorans and S. bisphenolivorans are AXB(T) (=MCCC 1K01232(T) =DSM 102173(T)) and YL23(T) (=MCCC 1K02300(T) =DSM 102172(T)). respectively
A High-Performance Liquid Chromatography:Chemiluminescence Method for Potential Determination of Vardenafil in Dietary Supplement
A flow method of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) seperation and chemiluminescence (CL) detection for sensitive vardenafil analysis in dietary supplements was developed. The vardenafil separation was achieved on a C18 column at 30Ā°C using ethanol-H3PO4 and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (Na2EDTA) aqueous solution (25ā:ā75, v/v%) as mobile phase. The followed continuous CL detection was conducted based on the strong CL enhancement by the presence of vardenafil to luminol-K3Fe(CN)6 reaction in alkaline medium. At the flow rate of 0.8āmL/min, the vardenafil retention time (tR) was 6.4 min. Factors that affected the HPLC resolution and CL detection were studied and optimized. The calibration curve obtained for vardenafil standard was linear in concentration range of 8.0 Ć 10ā7 ~ 1.0 Ć 10ā4āmol/L. The relative standard deviations (RSD) of intraday and interday precision were less than 3.5%. The proposed method was applied to the vardenafil determination in oral liquid, wine, and capsule samples
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